Reinventing the Life of a Poet in the Modern World

Category: Books to Read (Page 14 of 14)

An Old Book About William Dean Howells

WdhLast year I read Ron Power's biography of Mark Twain (I picked it up for a dollar at the LA Times Festival of Books). There I learned about William Dean Howells as a literary critic (I had read his novel, Hazard of New Fortunes, in college). Howells came up in the old book on Emily Dickinson I read a few weeks ago. His significance in bringing up so many writers of The Guilded Age intrigued me and so I picked up this book, William Dean Howells, An American Life by Kenneth S. Lynn, from the library at Highlands University in Las Vegas, New Mexico.

According to Lynn:

"Howells is rivaled only by [Ezra] Pound for his sure identification of the literary geniuses of his generation."

His reviews at The Atlantic singled out many underdog writers including:

  • Henry James and his first short stories — many other editors and critics were hostile toward James' early published stories. Howells defended him.
  • Sarah Orne Jewett
  • Frank Norris when McTeague was published.
  • Stephen Crane after he self-published Carrie and was having trouble getting his book reviewed and into bookstores. Howells was the only critic willing to give the book a review.
  • Mark Twain — Howells gave some love to Innocents Abroad, gave a positive review to Roughing It and gave editing advice to an early draft of Old Times on the Mississippi. Later, when most critics presumed Twain was simply a humorist, Howells' commentaries on Twain gave his works artistic respect and transformed the way we read Mark Twain today.
  • Emily Dickinson – when her poems were first published after her death, reviewers were tentative and the public didn't know what to make of them. Howells championed her as a legitimate talent.

For some reason, Howells did not review Edith Wharton although privately he stated she was gifted. He also ignored Theodore Dreiser, many speculated, because Dreiser's work in Sister Carrie was too sexual.

Howells championed "western writers" and realists when the literati of the time was stuck in the grip of old Bostonian/New England writers and their romances. Howells said,

"Art must relate to need or it will perish."

Biographer Lynn also takes a close look at the unique heroines in some of Howells' novels compared similarly with Henry James heroines like Daisy Miller:

"One of the primary qualities of James and Howells' American Girl characters is their steel-like will."

Another interesting piece of trivia about Howells: his grandfather and father were both early abolitionists, long before it was a popular cause before the Civil War. Howells became one of the founding members of the NAACP.

Review of Favorites, the Anthology of the Aurorean Journal

FavoritesFractions are killing poetry: fractions of the time the world has available to devote to reading it: books, anthologies and journals. Journals above all seem to bear the most of a slim readership. But they do the Lord’s work, big and small, famous and obscure, as a magnet for culling new poetry out from the wilderness. The great thing about a journal anthology is that we are able to read the best of the crop from all the sweat and labor of a journal’s works. It’s condensed goodness.

The Aurorean journal has published over 50 issues in the past 15 years and featured over a thousand poets. Editors Cynthia Brackett-Vincent and Devin McGuire have now compiled their Greatest Hits, an anthology called Favorites which is divided into sections that show exactly what subjects this journal specializes in: seasons, meditations and New England. Brackett-Vincent’s introduction provides and interesting tale of how she came to found and produce this poetry journal and the transformations the project has made over the years.

The Seasons section is full of “frost-warped” leaves and frozen ponds and starts strong with a poem by Lillis Palmer called “Planting Bulbs” where we find ourselves “breathing the humus-sweet cold air” as she describes bulbs who have a secret faith. I also loved Michael Macklin’s “The furrows” about the dead under our plows and Judith Tate’s “Yard Work.” I enjoyed Susan Wilde’s “when the television goes off in winter” and Virgil Suárez’s “El Hermitaño, My Friend Ryan Who Believes He Roamed Like Locust in a Previous Life” where the locusts can be heard in the fields like “strewn punctuation.” Monica Flegg’s “A Winter Farewell” was my favorite of this section, where emptiness feels like:

…a loss
a snowflake sized one
buried deep in this blizzard of a lesson.

The Meditations section struck me as primarily one of death poems. I liked Cynthia Brackett-Vincent’s “Kodi Ball,” especially as I believe there truly can never be enough dog poems in this world and Cathy Edgett’s “Healing:”

I drank grief like tea in Tibet,
Holding the cup with both hands

Meditations boast poems with dedications to a menagerie of inspirations, including poet Allen Ginsberg, Massachusetts Senator Paul Tsongas and Lake Superior and includes a variety of tributes to mothers (some departed), including the mother-ode I loved the best by Dellana Diovisalvo, “I Say Mother.” The section also includes one of the most tastefully poignant eulogies to the victims of 9/11 who felt compelled to jump from the burning towers, Clemens Schoenebeck’s “For the Angels, Unwinged.”

Since New England is commonly associated with the four seasons, the first and final sections have plenty of overlapping images of stone fences, frosted windows, sun-bleached shells, an interesting number of references to lichen, pitched roofs, harvests and one mention of Mount Washington I liked very much, Michael Keshigian’s “Upon The Roof” where:

above green challenging the edge
I spin quickly
to view the world in a glance

I lived in Stow, Massachusetts for 5 months in the spring and summer of 1995 working at the Massachusetts Firefighting Academy, then returning often for visits after I started attending Sarah Lawrence College from 1995 to 1999; and this anthology reminded me of New England’s solid pastoral beauty, the salty Atlantic seashores, the bitter winter wind and the upstaging panoramas of leaves. The Aurorean tends to publish very compact poems, (many are thin and long, none are longer than a page), setting a serene descriptive scene or a moment’s reflections on a landscape, a general array of gentle points and soft landings. The book is full of quiet pools of thought or contemplations where you can, as Anne Dewees writes, “feel the earth breathe.”

I turned to my archaeologist husband to explicate the final brilliant poem of the book, one called “Faith” by Robert M. Chute. It was about Henry David Thoreau and arrowheads and faith. I loved it so much I copied it out of the book for taping up on my office wall.

To buy this anthology
To visit the Aurorean

An Old Book About Hart Crane

CraneBack to the Highlands University Library in Las Vegas, New Mexico…I returned my two Emily Dickinson books (both turned out to be very good…more on that in Friday's Moment of Craft) and found an old book about Hart Crane, Hart Crane, The Life of an American Poet by Philip Horton from 1937, written about 5 years after Hart Crane died.

I know nothing about Hart Crane. Nada. I only know he died in 1932 because I googled him last night. And he supposedly committed suicide by jumping off a boat. I knew that scandalous fact.

But why did he do it?

I'm sure this book will be the education on Hart Crane I need. Except for the fact the book was written in 1937 and the author uses phrases such as "holding forth."

Old Books About Emily Dickinson

EditingI was at the Highlands University Library this morning in Las Vegas, New Mexico, trying to track down a 1933 thesis written by J. W. Wilferth called "An Economic History of Harding County, New Mexico" for a story I'm researching. I had to sit down and read the thing in one sitting but it turned out to be what I would call an amazing document of mid-depression, pre-Dust Bowl community-denial about dry land farming.

But in any case, I was also looking for the novel The Hi Lo Country  by Max Evans, also written about the high plains of northeastern New Mexico. To get to that book, my husband inadvertently lured me through the library's section of literary criticism. Heaven help me. It pained me not to have time to look through all the old biographies and tomes of dusty literary thought.

I did sneak out these two books which look promising: Mind

  • Emily Dickinson, The Mind of the Poet by Albert J. Gelpi from 1965: Gelpi says in the introduction his attempt is to bring together biography with textual analysis. Sounds fun!
  • The Editing of Emily Dickinson, A Reconsideration by R. W. Franklin from 1967: It seems Franklin will take me through every edit ever made to every edition of Dickinson's poems. Except the photos of her original manuscript, I'm reconsidering reading it.

Check out the Daily Dickinson

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