Reinventing the Life of a Poet in the Modern World

Month: March 2020

Henry David Thoreau, Nature and Poetics and a New Podcast

ThoreauHenry David Thoreau

I have written about science and poetry on this blog before, all the way back from when I published my first book of poetry, Why Photographers Commit Suicide, a book part science poetry and part science-fiction. I'm always interested in breaking down the divide between literature and science. In that spirit, The Atlantic magazine published a great article tying Henry David Thoreau to this, "What Thoreau Saw" by Andrea Wulf.

Here are some pertinent quotes:

"Thoreau was staking out a new purpose: to create a continuous, meticulous, documentary record of his forays. Especially pertinent two centuries after his birth, in an era haunted by inaction on climate change, he worried over a problem that felt personal but was also spiritual and political: how to be a rigorous scientist and a poet, imaginatively connected to the vast web of natural life. Thoreau’s real masterpiece is not Walden but the 2-million-word journal that he kept until six months before he died. Its continuing relevance lies in the vivid spectacle of a man wrestling with tensions that still confound us. The journal illustrates his almost daily balancing act between recording scrupulous observations of nature and expressing sheer joy at the beauty of it all. Romantic predecessors like Samuel Taylor Coleridge and, centuries before that, polymaths like Leonardo da Vinci thrived on the interplay between subjective and objective exploration of the world. For Leonardo, engineering and math infused painting and sculpture; Coleridge said that he attended chemistry lectures to enlarge his 'stock of metaphors.'"

"For Thoreau, along with his fellow Transcendentalists, the by-now familiar dichotomy between the arts and the sciences had begun to hold sway. (The word scientist was coined in 1834, as the sciences were becoming professionalized and specialized.)"

… "Crucial though the data and reports are, they eclipse precisely the sort of immediate, intuitive, sensual experiences of nature that are, in our Anthropocene era, all too rare. For Thoreau, a sense of wonder—of awe toward, but also oneness with, nature—was essential. We will, he understood, protect only what we love."

… "Attention to the pivotal moment when he began to use his journal as he never had before. On November 8, 1850, a year or so after his naturalist’s regimen had begun"… 

…“And this is what truly staggers the mind,” Walls goes on. “From this point, Thoreau did not stop doing this, ever—not until, dying and almost too weak to hold a pen, he crafted one final entry."

."Steeped in the sciences, Thoreau emphasized that orderly data needn’t be dead. Carl Linnaeus’s binomial system for classifying plants was “itself poetry,” and in the early 1850s Thoreau jotted in his journal, “Facts fall from the poetic observer as ripe seeds.”

"Still, Thoreau felt the limits of disciplined scrutiny. 'With all your science can you tell how it is, and whence it is, that light comes into the soul?'"

"The following summer he summed up the dilemma. 'Every poet has trembled on the verge of science."

Good stuff. 

Poetry Unbound

My friend Kalisha tipped me off to this new podcast, Poetry Unbound, which is beautifully produced and digestible in short ten-ish minute podcasts. The first one I listened to was this poem by Raymond Antrobus, "A Poem About When We’re Disbelieved" posted on March 16. This podcast not only asked listeners to complete some homework at the end but made me quite emotional. 

More good stuff. 

Haikus End & NaPoWriMo Beginning

I finally came to the end of 52 Haiku. Here is the full sequence. Many thanks to all the visitors to that year-long project.

In a few days I’ll be starting NaPoWriMo 2020 and this week I’m working on a sequence called The Death of Self Help (none too soon either considering coronavirus, which I predict will signal the end of the era of narcissism). I’m switching from the site Hello Poetry as it’s not a good fit anymore. Last year the bot-censors there did some strange re-editing of my poems around innocuous words. I’ll be posting the poems on a dedicated page at marymccray.com. Stay tuned.

The Essay Project: Denise Levertov’s Line Breaks

As the 52 Haiku project was ending, I started cleaning out my garage and found a box of poetry essays from college. I had been hanging on to them in case I became a teacher (I didn’t).  I thought it would be a good weekly project to review them here as I decide to find electronic copies or trash them. I’m sure they won’t all be available online but I’ll try to find a book or some way to track them down if you want to read them for yourself.

DeniselevertovI picked this first essay because it was short. And carries a big stick.

“On the Function of the Line" by Denise Levertov (1979). You can find a copy from Yale

This is a very famous and influential essay often used in defense of free verse. It’s short but is full of great quotable things.

Levertov famously positions the line break as a tool in a poet's toolbox (as opposed to a style). My only complaint with the essay is that Levertov doesn’t really go into all that much detail about the line break. When she does she talk about its "fractional pauses," she mentions rhythmical, pitch and melodic score of a poem, noting it’s rhythm and hesitations (or pauses). Indentation she mentions as another similar method of scoring.

She talks about how these pauses work most naturally before nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs, words that don’t require punctuation near them to denote slight pausings. She also finds examples to show why the same pauses are ineffective around articles and blames a line break found around those words as a misunderstanding of the idea of enjambment. She says, “enjambment is useful in preventing the monotony of too many end-stopped lines in a metrical poem, but the desired variety can be attained by various other means in contemporary open forms.”

How can you tell if your particular score works? Levertov suggests you play around with line break variations and then have someone else read to you the variations. If they don’t “read the poem right," then you haven’t positioned your line breaks correctly.

Levertov doesn’t deny that formal verse can use line break pauses effectively as well and she uses Gerald Manley Hopkins as an example; but his example also shows how this goes against the natural grain of the formal ethos, to be “forcing an intractable medium into inappropriate use.” In other words, closed forms are great because they’re, well, closed forms. Why rob them of that when you can just default to open forms?

A discussion of line breaks inevitably brings up the issue of the prose poem, that poem without a single line break of which Levertov says, “some of our best and most influential poets have increasingly turned to the prose paragraph for what I feel are the wrong reasons – less from a sense of the peculiar virtues of the prose poem [I wish she had elaborated there!] than from a despair of making sense of the line.”

I have to admit many of my prose poems came to exist after I couldn’t make sense of their line breaks.

Levertov digresses in a few places. (What essay doesn’t?) She talks about open versus closed (metrical, rhyming) forms. She says, “open forms do not necessarily terminate inconclusively, but their degree of conclusion is – structurally, and thereby expressively – less pronounced, and partakes of the open quality of the whole.” Closed forms lack the sound of “dogmatic certitude.” There’s something about end-stopped lines that smells of certainty in an uncertain world. She calls open forms more “exploratory” revealing the the process of a writer's thinking. You can see this in some poems, how they seem to be written as if the poet is thinking while writing it. Closed forms often seem more results-and-conclusions oriented. She also mentions that open forms “build unique contexts" that “can’t be judged by preconceived method[s] of scansion” and that have a “grace or strength implicit in a system peculiar to that poem” and a “fidelity to experience.” All true but terribly, terribly vague.

Ultimately, there is no clear and precise depiction of what different open-form line breaks do other than provide a vague score of how to read the poem. Considering the well of documented tricks and tips for formal poems, you’d like the same kind of organized catalog of uses. This essay was just like an open form poem, exploratory and in no way conclusive or certain. But then this was the 1970s, a decade of scoping out territory more than big displays of poetical science.

Levertov also digresses for quite a while to discuss deleting private moments from an open form [but wouldn't you do this for a closed form, as well?] and then further digresses on the difference between the private and the personal in a poem, which is extremely useful for new poets but really off the point of this short essay. But it’s very helpful nonetheless so I'll quote her:

  • Private: “associations for the writer that are inaccessible to readers without a special explanation from the writer which does not form part of the poem”
  • Personal: “though it may incorporate the private, has an energy derived from associations that are sharable with the read are so shared within the poem itself"

Levertov gets cryptic toward the end. She talks about “Olson’s ‘breath’ theory” and newbs will be left to wonder what the heck this is without googling it, a verb that didn’t even exist when this essay came out. She's actually referring to another famous essay, "Projective Verse by Charles Olson." Here's a long essay explaining the other essay.

But finally, she has a lovely definition of poetry in this essay: “the voice of each one’s solitude made audible and singing to the multitude of other solitudes.” Quite lovely.

All this lead me to wonder about the success of the open form and how it still both appeals to mass audiences and writers and has simultaneously driven away many readers at the edges of its experimentations. The more generous and accessibly of poets have done well: Stephen Dobyns, Billy Collins (storytelling still goes over), Gary Snyder and Mary Oliver. And if that’s all too easy for some, there’s always Albert Goldbarth and Anne Carson. Open forms still serve. Line breaks do real work in open forms when used properly. This essay can help you practice on that a bit.

  

52 Haiku, Week 52

Finish

Well, we are at the end of 52 Haiku. I am humbled to be here. And grateful that I was able to do this for 52 days. 

We also meet the end of this challenge at the exact week Coronavirus has provided us with a daunting new challenge (at least here in the U.S.). Life does not seem the same this week as it did last week. The world has shut down in so many ways. And that does not feel very good. The statistics are horrifying, almost 9 thousand people are dead after 4 months of this new virus. And that's just the beginning of a curve. The first wave is soon to end but nobody knows what to expect over the next few years. Our ancestors lived through similar uncertainties but this is frightfully new to us softy narcissists who are used to an easy life of predictability and self-gratification. For us, this week was a let-down of cancelled plans and disappointments. 

So what do you do when you're feeling this way? Well, you can keep going or start over. Plan A or plan B. Your choice. 

I can hear someone saying, "what about plan C: giving up?" And to that I would ask, "Is this part of a pattern for you, though?" If so, then that is really just plan B. Or if you're giving the final give-up, that's actually plan A for all anybody knows. 

And then there's this thing about finishing being scary. Ends are scary. They imply an unknown, "what next?" They are not the euphoria of a runner bursting through a ribbon. And they don't really exist anyway. You either keep going or start over.

The Prompt: Finishing

This week's prompt: 

"Even to be attached to the idea of enlightenment is to go astray."
        – Sengstan

First task is to sit for a meditation on that for 5-10 minutes or however long you feel is good to you.

The Drawing

20200320_095523

My Haiku

…inspired by my drawing:

Leaves fall to the ground.
They rise up invisibly
and sprout from the dead.

The Reflection

Enlightenment is like an ending. It's not a helpful goal. When you get to the end of the line, or what feels like the end of the line, the best thing is to keep on going or start over, just like little poems do. And like leaves do. I picked up this leaf from a cottonwood tree on the grounds of Abiquiu Inn. It's become a memento to my transition between last week and this week. 

The last few days before I sequestered my self in a self-quarantine, I visited Abiquiu, New Mexico, with some friends. We hiked around the Abiquiu Inn (which we had to ourselves) and it's neighboring White Place and around Ghost Ranch, all areas were Georgia O'Keeffe lived and painted. It was very quiet and reflective. I thought about how there are no big sunset endings to life because life is really not movie-like or novel-like. Life is poem like, which is why philosophical people are drawn to it. And why haikus are good for it. 

To keep going, here some more Zen sayings to explore.

To start over with the challenge, visit the table of contents

Thank you for taking this challenge with me!

Off you go with my many hopeful blessings to you and meditations, haikus and drawings!

52 Haiku, Week 51

Fat-cat-artWow. This is our penultimate post. We only have one more meditation after this. I can't believe we're here. What a small weekly amazing journey this has been.

And as I'm writing this the world is facing a huge pandemic with Cornoavirus. My own company has moved to fully working from home and (making some sort of Internet history by) having meetings remotely. Toilet paper and hand sanitizer and faces masks are hard to come by. A lot of elderly people and those with health challenges already are getting very sick and many people are not making it. So, it's a very scary time with a lot of disruption and anxiety for people (not just regarding the virus but their jobs and all of life's schedules and plans being overturned).

Image at the top of the post is from FatCatArt. Go there for some cheer in these dark times. 

So what an amazing quote came up in my list of quotes today. I'll never stop being amazed at how apropos some of these weekly quotes have been. 

The Prompt: Challenges

This week's prompt: 

"We are not disturbed by what happens to us, but by our thoughts about what happens to us."
        – Epictetus

First task is to sit for a meditation on that for 5-10 minutes or however long you feel is good to you.

The Drawing

20200312_085741

My Haiku

…inspired by my drawing:

Turn and a mountain!
Gift of stones or the bar against
Dreams of mountain.

The Reflection

Of course there are some challenges that should be respected as real challenges and absolutely sucky things: anything to do with war or similar violence against people. And coronavirus. But that still leaves a whole mess of challenges we overreact to, challenges that we feel we can't overcome, mountains we can't climb. My M.O. as a kid was "Oh no, I can't do that!" Failure seemed too heartbreaking to bear. And then later I learned a lot of good outcomes and knowledge result from the disastrous and hilarious ways we deal with challenges– if we look at them in a positive light. And if we have a sense of humor about the results. This has helped me do many a household maintenance project I never would have believed I could do: calking, plumbing, wielding a leaf blower. I can tell you I curse every draw string I've had to pull out of a hoodie that just got out of the dryer and I have not mastered even simple sewing. But how small these things look in the face of a word like pandemic.

So fascinating to me that toilet paper is the thing that flew off the shelves at Costco before food. We're shitting our pants way too much due to fear and stress, instead of good fiber products.

 

It's your second-to-last turn! How exciting!

52 Haiku, Week 50

If you've been following the caronavirus stories or political news stories, everyone sounds like they're down in the dumps. Even some of my relatives-of-another party are saying they're worn down by politics and viruses. It's a good time to feel blue. I'd say it's a good time to give everybody a hug but it's actually not a good time for that.

The Prompt: A Good Cry

This week's prompt: 

"If you haven't wept deeply, you haven't begun to meditate."
        – Ajahn Chah

First task is to sit for a meditation on that for 5-10 minutes or however long you feel is good to you.

The Drawing

20200306_091822

My Haiku

…inspired by my drawing:

Waterfalls, feeling
all the sufferings, filling
the pool with beauty

The Reflection

Not everyone loves a good cathartic cry. There are still a lot of folks who feel crying shows weakness, even touchy-feely types. Crying is a line they will not cross. They'll do intensive body cleanses involving drinking nightmare concoctions for seven days (that's makes me want to cry), or mental intense psychological mental cleanses (ones that don't involve crying anyway). Imagine a waterfall that refused to flow. 

 

How does it feel for you?

© 2024 Big Bang Poetry

Theme by Anders NorenUp ↑